Oddelek za predmete: Elective

Prerequisits:

There are no specific prerequisites. However, prior knowledge of basic linguistic theories, general lexicology, and grammar is recommended.

Content (Syllabus outline):

1. Neology as a Field of Research

• Neology as a subfield of lexicology.
• Definition of the concepts neologism, neosememe (semantic neologism), and occasionalism (nonce word).
• Criteria for identifying neologisms (with regard to time, usage, systemic features, word formation, normativity, etc.) and typologies of neologisms.
• Neologisms and borrowing from foreign languages.
• Neologisms in relation to linguistic innovation, usage, and norm.

2. Neology and Determinologization

• The theoretical framework of determinologization and the relationship between determinologized lexis and terminology.
• Semantic, grammatical, and pragmatic changes in determinologized lexemes.
• Determinologization as a productive linguistic process contributing to the formation, dissemination, and stabilization of neologisms.

3. Methodologies of Neological Research

• Neology and corpus-based research.
• Neology and crowdsourcing.
• Methodological challenges in the study of neologisms.

4. Neology and the Digital Environment

• The digital environment as a space of accelerated linguistic innovation.
• The use of neologisms on social media and in other digital environments.
• Neologisms emerging in the digital environment and their dissemination and stabilization.

5. Neography

• Neography in contemporary lexicographic practice.
• Neologisms in general explanatory dictionaries and criteria for their lexicographic treatment.
• Dictionaries of neologisms.
• Digital lexicography and the continuous updating of neologisms in lexicographic resources.

Seminar

The seminar is linked to the topics covered in the lectures and provides a deepening of them and an opportunity to work independently on a specific research question. The topic of the seminar is adapted to the student’s individual study programme, and the selection of scientific literature is also adjusted to the chosen topic.

Cross-curricular integration

A basic knowledge of linguistics and linguistic research is required to understand the subject. The course is linked to other courses in the module Lexicology, lexicography, grammaticography and beyond.

Readings

The list predominantly contains items of compulsory reading. Additional readings for individual lectures, seminars and/or seminar papers will be supplied subsequently according to specific and individual needs.

• AJDAČIĆ, Dejan, LAZIĆ KONJIK, Ivana (ur.), 2022: Anglicizmi i neologizmi u jezicima Južnih Slovena. Beograd: Alma.
• CRYSTAL, David, 2001, Language and the Internet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• O’DONOVAN, Ruth, O’NEILL, Mary, 2008: A Systematic Approach to the selection of Neologisms for Inclusion in a Large Monolingual Dictionary. V: Bernal, Elisenda, DeCesaris, Janet (ur.): Proceedings of the 13th EURALEX International Congress, Barcelona, Spain. 571–579.
• FUERTES-OLIVERA, Pedro A. (ur.), 2018: The Routledge Handbook of Lexicography. London, New York: Routledge.
• GLOŽANČEV, Alenka idr., 2009: Novejša slovenska leksika (v povezavi s spletnimi jezikovnimi viri). Ljubljana: Založba ZRC.
• HUMBERT-DROZ, Julie, 2023: When terms become neologisms: A contribution to the study of neology from the perspective of determinologisation. CLINA, 9/1, 135–158.
• KERREMANS, Daphné, STEGMAYR, Susanne, SCHMID, Hans-Jörg, 2011: The NeoCrawler: identifying and retrieving neologisms from the internet and monitoring ongoing change. V: Allan, Kathryn, Robinson, Justyna A. (ur.): Current Methods in Historical Semantics. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter. 59–96.
• KOSEM, Iztok, 2022, Trendi – a monitor corpus of Slovene. V: Klosa, Annette (ur.): EURALEX 2022, Proceedings of the XX EURALEX International Congress, Mannhein, Germany. 230–239.
• KLOSA-KÜCKELHAUS, Annette, KERNERMAN, Ilan (ur.), 2022: Lexicography of coronavirus-related neologisms.Lexicographica. Series Maior, vol. 163. Berlin/Boston: Walter de Gruyter.
• KLOSA, Annette, LÜNGEN, Harald, 2018: New German Words: Detection and Description. V: Čibej, Jaka idr. (ur.): Proceedings of the XVIII EURALEX International Congress: Lexicography in Global Contexts. Ljubljana. 559–569.
• KRVINA, Domen, 2022: The Growing Dictionary of the Slovenian Language (2014-) and Slovenian Neologisms: Study on Types of Data and Their Use. Slovenski jezik / Slovene Linguistic Studies 14. 117–151.
• KRVINA, Domen, 2021: Sprotni slovar slovenskega jezika, covid-19 in z njim povezano (novejše) besedje. V: Ristić, Stana, Lazić Konjik, Ivana, Ivanović, Nenad (ur.): Lexicography and lexicology in the light of current issues. Beograd. 669–680.
• LAZIĆ KONJIK, Ivana, 2024: Leksikografija u digitalnoj eri: internet i društveni mediji kao izvori novih reči. Novorečje 11. 62–80.
• LEDINEK, Nina, MICHELIZZA, Mija, 2025: Diapazon stopenj determinologizacije leksemov v najnovejših splošnih razlagalnih slovarjih slovenščine, češčine in slovaščine. Slavistična revija 73/2. 241–254.
• LIŠKOVÁ, Michaela, 2021: K slovníkově nezpracovaným neologismům v současné češtině. Nová čeština doma a ve světě 1. 47–56.
• MEYER, Ingrid, MACKINTOSH, Kristen, 2000: When Terms Move Into Our Everyday Lives: An Overwiev of Determinologization. Terminology 6/1, 2000. 111–138.
• MICHELIZZA, Mija, 2015: Spletna besedila in jezik na spletu. Ljubljana: Založba ZRC.
• MICHELIZZA, Mija, ŽAGAR KARER, Mojca, 2018: Internetna leksika v slovenščini: analiza novejših slovarskih virov. Jezikoslovni zapiski 24/1. 79–92.
• MIKIĆ ČOLIĆ, Ana, 2021: Neologizmi u hrvatskome jeziku. Osijek: Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta Josipa Jurja Strossmayera.
• NOVÁ, Jana, 2018: Terms Embraced by the General Public: How to Cope with Determinologization in the Dictionary? V: Čibej, Jaka idr. (ur.): Proceedings of the XVIII EURALEX International Congress: Lexicography in Global Contexts. Ljubljana. 387–398.
• POŠTOLKOVÁ, Běla, 1984: Odborná a běžná slovní zásoba současně češtiny. Praha: Academia.
• RENOUF, Antoinette, 2013: A Finer Definition of Neology in English: The life-cycle of a word. V: Hasselgard, Hilde, Oksefjell Ebeling, Signe, Ebeling, Jarle (ur.): Corpus Perspectives on Patterns of Lexis. John Benjamins. 177–208.
• STRAMLJIČ BREZNIK, Irena, 2003: Besedotvorna tipologija novonastalega besedja s področja mobilne telefonije. Slavistična revija 51, posebna številka. 105–118.
• ŠKRABAL, Michal, KAVKA, Martin, 2021: Merging professional and collaborative lexicography: The case of Czech neology. International Journal of Lexicography 34/3. 282–301.
• TROJAR, Mitja, 2023: Prepoznavanje terminov in determinologizirane leksike v izbranih starejših slovenskih slovarjih, Slavistična revija 71/4. 505–518.
• ŽAGAR KARER, Mojca, LEDINEK, Nina, 2021: Med terminologijo in splošno leksiko: determinologizacija in z njo povezane slovaropisne ter uporabniške dileme. Slovene linguistic studies 13. 40–61.

Objectives and competences

The Neology and Neography course provides students with an in-depth insight into neology as a subfield of contemporary lexicology, focusing particularly on the relationships between linguistic innovation, usage, and norm from a neological perspective. It introduces key concepts such as neologism, neosememe (semantic neologism), and occasionalism (nonce word), as well as the criteria for defining neologisms and various typologies of neologisms. Particular focus is given to determinologization as an important mechanism in the formation and dissemination of new vocabulary.  The digital environment is also examined as a space of accelerated linguistic innovation and neologism dissemination. Students learn about the methodologies employed in neological research, particularly the use of linguistic corpora and other modern resources. Within the framework of neography, students are also trained in the basic lexicographic treatment of neologisms and in critically reflecting on their inclusion in lexicographic resources.

Intended learning outcomes

• Knowledge of the broader issues of neology and neography, particularly in relation to general lexicology and lexicography.
• Knowledge of different typologies of neologisms and an understanding of the factors contributing to their formation, dissemination, and stabilization.
• An understanding of the process of determinologization as a key process in neologism formation.
• Competence in the use of linguistic corpora and other resources for neological research.
• An understanding of the role of the digital environment in the formation, dissemination, and stabilization of neologisms.
• Basic competence in neographic work.
• The ability to critically reflect on the relationship between linguistic innovation, usage, and norm from the perspective of neological issues.

Learning and teaching methods

Types of learning/teaching:

• Frontal teaching
• Independent students work
• e-learning

Teaching methods:

• Explanation
• Conversation/discussion/debate
• Work with texts
• Case studies

Assessment

• Long written assignments 80 %
• Final examination (written/oral) 20 %

Lecturer’s references

• LEDINEK, Nina, MICHELIZZA, Mija. Issues in treating determinologized lexemes in the eSSKJ general explanatory dictionary of Slovenian. Collegium antropologicum. 2023, vol. 47, no. 2, str. 101-110, tabele. ISSN 0350-6134. https://hrcak.srce.hr/clanak/446978, DOI: 10.5671/ca.47.2.2. [COBISS.SI-ID 173666563], [SNIP, Scopus do 30. 6. 2025: št. citatov (TC): 2, čistih citatov (CI): 0, čistih citatov na avtorja (CIAu): 0.00]
• MICHELIZZA, Mija. Jezikovna vprašanja o digitalnih vsebinah v povezavi s širšim družbenim kontekstom : analiza primerov iz jezikovne svetovalnice. V: ŠTUMBERGER, Saška (ur.). Predpis in norma v jeziku. 1. natis. Ljubljana: Založba Univerze, 2024. Str. 207-213, graf. prikazi. Zbirka Obdobja, 43. ISBN 978-961-297-439-8. ISSN 1408-211X. https://ebooks.uni-lj.si/ZalozbaUL/catalog/book/664/chapter/3923, DOI: 10.4312/Obdobja.43.207-213. [COBISS.SI-ID 216221955]
• MICHELIZZA, Mija. Odsev digitalne revolucije v enojezičnih razlagalnih slovarjih za slovenščino. Jezikoslovni zapiski : zbornik Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša. [Tiskana izd.]. 2025, 31, št. 1, str. 55-74. ISSN 0354-0448. https://ojs.zrc-sazu.si/jz/article/view/14130, DOI: 10.3986/JZ.31.1.04. [COBISS.SI-ID 244093187], [Odprti dostop, SNIP, Scopus]
• LEDINEK, Nina, MICHELIZZA, Mija. Diapazon stopenj determinologizacije leksemov v najnovejših splošnih razlagalnih slovarjih slovenščine, češčine in slovaščine = The range of degrees in the determinologization of lexemes in the most recent general explanatory dictionaries of Slovene, Czech and Slovak. Slavistična revija : časopis za jezikoslovje in literarne vede. [Tiskana izd.]. 2025, letn. 73, št. 2, str. 241-253. ISSN 0350-6894. https://srl.si/ojs/srl/article/view/4239, DOI: 10.57589/srl.v73i2.4239. [COBISS.SI-ID 242218499], [SNIP, Scopus do 12. 11. 2025: št. citatov (TC): 1, čistih citatov (CI): 0, čistih citatov na avtorja (CIAu): 0.00]
• ŽAGAR KARER, Mojca, LEDINEK, Nina. Med terminologijo in splošno leksiko : determinologizacija in z njo povezane slovaropisne ter uporabniške dileme. Slovenski jezik – Slovene linguistic studies. [Tiskana izd.]. 2021, 13, str. 41-60, tabela. ISSN 1408-2616. https://ojs.zrc-sazu.si/sjsls/article/view/10445, DOI: 10.3986/sjsls.13.1.03. [COBISS.SI-ID 83804419], [SNIP, Scopus do 5. 10. 2025: št. citatov (TC): 8, čistih citatov (CI): 5, čistih citatov na avtorja (CIAu): 2.50]