Prerequisits:

There are no specific prerequisites. At least a passive knowledge of German, English, and Italian is recommended.

Content (Syllabus outline):

• an overview of the history of landscape archaeology research
• theory and methodology of landscape archaeology
• digital methods in landscape archaeology
• working with airborne LiDAR and other remote sensing data
• archaeological interpretation of landscape data

Readings

Theory and methods

• Ashmore, W., Knapp, B. A. (ur.) 1999, Archaeologies of Landscape: Contemporary Perspectives. Malden, Oxford.
• Aston, M. 1985, Interpreting the Landscape: Landscape Archaeology and Local History. London, New York.
• Bender, B., Winer, M. (ur.) 2001, Contested Landscapes: Movement, Exile and Place. Oxford, New York.
• Chapman, H. 2006, Landscape Archaeology and GIS. Stroud.
• David, B., Thomas, J. (ur.) 2008, Handbook of Landscape Archaeology. Walnut Creek.
• Clark, J., Darlington, J., Fairclough, G. 2004, Using Historic Landscape Characterisation. English Heritage’s review of HLC Applications 2002 – 03. London.
• Doneus, M. 2013, Die hinterlassene Landschaft. Prospektion und Interpretation in der Landschaftsarchäologie. Wien.
• Garmy, P. 2012, Villes, réseaux et systèmes de villes. Contribution de l’archéologie. Paris, Arles.
• Hooke, D. 1997, The Landscape of Anglo-Saxon England. London, New York.
• Howard, P. 2006, Archaeological Surveying and Mapping. Recording and depicting the landscape. London, New York.
• Kuna, M. 2004, Nedestruktivní archeologie. Teorie, metody a cíle. Plzen.
• Lodewijckx, M., Pelegrin, R. (ur.) 2011, A Wew from the Air: Aerial Archaeology and Remote Sensing Techniques. Results and opportunities. Oxford.
• Muir, R. 2004, Landscape Encyclopedia. Macclesfield.
• Olsen, B. 2002, Od predmeta do teksta. Beograd.
• Opitz, R. S., Cowley, D. C. (ur.) 2013, Interpreting Archaeological Topography. Airborne Laser Scanning, 3D Data and Ground Observation. Oxford.
• Parcak, S. H. 2009, Satellite remote sensing for archaeology. London, New York.
• Johnson, M. 2007, Ideas of Landscape. Malden, Oxford, Carlton.
• Sarris, A. (ur.) 2015, Best Practices of GeoInformatic Technologies for the Mapping of Archaeolandscapes. Oxford.
• Tilley, C. 2004, The materiality of stone: explorations in landscape phenomenology 1. Oxford, New York.
• Trigger, B. G. 1967, Settlement Archaeology. Its Goals and Promise, American Antiquity 32 (2), 149-160.
• Ucko, P. J., Layton, R. (ur.) 1999, The Archaeology and Anthropology of Landscape: Shaping your landscape. London, New York.
• Wiseman, J., El-Baz, F. (ur.) 2007, Remote Sensing in Archaeology. New York.

Slovenia

• Badjura, R. 1953, Ljudska geografija: Terensko izrazoslovje. Ljubljana.
• Gams, I. 1974, Kras. Zgodovinski, naravoslovni in geografski oris. Ljubljana.
• Ilešič, S. 1950, Sistemi poljske razdelitve na Slovenskem. – SAZU, Ljubljana.
• Mlekuž, D. 2013, Skin Deep: LiDAR and Good Practice ofLandscape Archaeology. V: C. Corsi, B. Slapšak, F. Vermeulen (ur.), Good Practice in Archaeological Diagnostics. Non-invasive Survey of Complex Archaeological Sites, 113-131.
• Novaković, P. 2003, Osvajanje prostora: razvoj prostorske in krajinske arheologije. Ljubljana.
• Pleterski, A. 2011, Župa Bled. Nevidna srednjeveška Evropa. Ljubljana.
• Slapšak, B. 1995, Možnosti študija poselitve v arheologiji. Ljubljana.
• Štular, B. 2011, The use of lidar-derived relief models in archaeological topography. The Kobarid region (Slovenia) case study (Uporaba modelov reliefa pridobljenih z lidarskim snemanjem v arheološki topografiji. Študijski primer Kobariške), Arheološki vestnik = Acta archaeologica 62, 393-432.
• Štular, B., Kokalj, Ž., Oštir, K., Nuninger, L. 2012, Visualization of lidar-derived relief models for detection of archaeological features, Journal of Archaeological Science 39 (11), 3354–3360.
• Štular, B. , Lozić, E. 2016, Primernost podatkov projekta Lasersko skeniranje Slovenije za arheološko interpretacijo: metoda in študijski primer. V: R. Ciglič, M. Geršič, D. Perko, M. Zorn (ur.), Digitalni podatki, Ljubljana, 157-166.
• Štular, B. (ur./ed.) 2020, Srednjeveški Blejski otok v arheoloških virih = Medieval archaeology of Bled Island. Opera Instituti archaeologici Sloveniae 42, Ljubljana.

Objectives and competences

The study of landscapes has a venerable tradition in archaeology. The changing approaches towards the subject in the last decades can be discerned by the use of phrases, such as settlement archaeology, spatial archaeology, siedlungsarchaeologie and landscape archaeology. Each term describes a combination of theoretical stances and methods applied and each formed a specific archaeological practice. In the last two decades the progress is no longer grounded in theoretical or methodological advancement but rather on the availability of ever-new technologies. Nowadays, technology makes vast amount of data available for research ranging from micro (e.g. a site) to macro scale (e.g. a region). Therefore, the boundaries between archaeology of a site and landscape archaeology are more and more blurred into one and the result can be described as the archaeology in landscape.

Students will revise the most important archaeological practices of studying landscapes in archaeology. The focus will be on the relevant contemporary approaches that are signified foremost by digital archaeology and so called lidar data (i.e. airborne laser scanning data) in conjunction with other remote sensing methods. The first enables an access to a vast quantity of data. The second has the potential to bear in a few years time an amount of new archaeological data that can be compared to the work of an entire generation of archaeologists that gave us the Archaeological sites of Slovenia catalogue (ANSL).

Both by revising the literature and by practical exercises in selected digital archaeology and/or remote sensing techniques the students will acquire competence to implement an archaeological analysis in landscape.

Intended learning outcomes

Intended learning outcome is a written paper in the form of a scientific article.

Learning and teaching methods:

Types of learning/teaching:

• Independent students work
• e-learning

Teaching methods:

• Explanation
• Conversation/discussion/debate
• Work with texts
• Case studies

Assessment

• Long written assignments 80 %
• Presentations 20 %

Lecturer’s references

• Kako in zakaj izboljšati dostopnost arheološkega LiDAR-ja (https://iza2.zrc-sazu.si/sl/dogodki/kako-in-zakaj-izboljsati-dostopnost-arheoloskega-lidar-ja). − 15. februar 2023, spletno predavanje, organizator Museum of London Archaeology v okviru raziskovalnega projekta TEtrARCHs, dostopno na spletni strani: https://www.tetrarchs.org/index.php/2023/01/28/february-2023-our-first-tetrarchs-seminar/.
• ŠTULAR, B., LOZIĆ E., EICHERT S. 2023, Interpolation of airborne LiDAR data for archaeology, Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 48, p.p. 103840. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2023.103840
• ŠTULAR, Benjamin, LOZIĆ Edisa, Airborne LiDAR data in landscape archaeology. An introduction for non-archaeologists. – Journal it – Information Technology, july 2022.
• ŠTULAR, Benjamin 2022, Scientific Dissemination of Archaeological Interpretation of Airborne LiDAR-derived Data. − V: K. Gartski (ur.), Critical Archaeology in the Digital Age, Proceedings of the 12th IEMA Visiting Scholar Conference, Cotsen Digital Archaeology Series 2, 111−122.
• ŠTULAR, B., EICHERT S, LOZIĆ E., Airborne LiDAR Point Cloud Processing for Archaeology. Pipeline and QGIS Toolbox, Remote Sensing 13, no. 16: 3225. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163225
• ŠTULAR Benjamin, LOZIĆ Edisa, EICHERT Stefan, Airborne LiDAR-Derived Digital Elevation Model for Archaeology, Remote Sens. 2021, 13(9), 1855; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13091855.